代码

#include <bits/stdc++.h>

using namespace std;

const double alpha = 1.1;

template <class T>
void F(int n, uint* a, uint* b, T lambda) {
    uint *p[256], *p0[256];
    for (int i = 0; i < 256; i++)
        p[i] = p0[i] = b + int(n / 256 * i * alpha);
    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) *p[lambda(a[i])]++ = a[i];
    auto ptr = a;
    for (int k = 0; k < 256; k++) {
        auto len = p[k] - p0[k];
        memcpy(ptr, p0[k], len * sizeof(uint));
        ptr += len;
    }
}

void sort(uint* a, int n) {
    uint* b = (uint*)malloc(int(n * sizeof(uint) * alpha));
    F(n, a, b, [](uint x) { return x & 255; });
    F(n, a, b, [](uint x) { return x >> 8 & 255; });
    F(n, a, b, [](uint x) { return x >> 16 & 255; });
    F(n, a, b, [](uint x) { return x >> 24; });
}

评测结果